Portrait of the Greek philosopher. According to his pupils Plato and Xenophon, Socrates’s distinctive physical appearance resembled a satyr, and that his beauty was on the inside, not the outside.

The thirty or so Roman versions of Socrates, like this one, originate from a bronze statue said to have been made by Lysippos and erected in Athens after the philosopher’s death, in 399 BCE. The lower part of this sculpture is inscribed with his name and, missing from this cast, a quotation from the speech made from prison as recorded by Plato, Crito